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What is the principle of the die casting process?
The principle of the die casting process is to press the metal liquid into a precise metal mold cavity with high pressure, and the metal liquid is cooled and solidified under the action of pressure to form a casting.
Cold and hot chamber die casting is the two basic way of die casting. In the cold chamber die casting, the metal liquid is poured into the pressure chamber by hand or automatic pouring device, then press the punch forward, and the metal is hydraulic into the cavity. In the hot chamber die casting process, the pressure chamber is perpendicular to the crucible, and the metal fluid flows into the pressure chamber automatically through the inlet of the pressure chamber. Plunger downward movement, push the liquid metal into the cavity through the gooseneck. After the metal liquid solidifies, the die casting die is opened, the casting is taken out and a die casting cycle is completed.
Advantage：
The quality of the product is good. The precision of the castings is high, which is generally equivalent to the 6~7 grade, or even up to 4 levels
Good surface finish, generally equivalent to 5~8
The strength and hardness are higher, and the strength is generally higher than that of sand mold casting, but the elongation is reduced by about 70%.
The size is stable and the interchangeability is good
Die casting thin wall complex castings
The production efficiency is high. The machine has high productivity. For example, the domestic J III 3 horizontal cold air die casting machine can be cast for 600~700 times on average for eight hours, and the small hot chamber die casting machine can be pressed for 3000~7000 times every eight hours on average.
A long life of die casting, a pressure casting mould, a die casting bell alloy, and a life of hundreds of thousands of times, even millions of times
Easy to realize mechanization and automation
The economic effect is excellent. Because of the precision of the die casting, the surface is smooth and so on. In general, the use of the machine is no longer directly used, or the processing quantity is very small, so it not only improves the utilization of metal, but also reduces a large number of processing equipment and time.
The price of castings is easy
Combined die-casting can be used for other metal or nonmetallic materials. Save time and save metal
Shortcomings and limitations:
Because of the high velocity of liquid metal filling cavity and unstable flow state during die-casting, the general die casting method is adopted, the casting is easy to produce air hole and can not be heat treated.
It is difficult to die casting for complex inner concave castings
High melting point alloys (such as copper, black metal) and low die casting life
It is not suitable for small batch production, the main reason is that the cost of die casting is high, the production efficiency of the die-casting machine is high, and the small batch production is not economical.