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What tools are used for processing stainless steel?
As we all know, stainless steel is difficult to machine material, and its working hardening tendency is high, high temperature strength is high, shear stress in shear slip zone increases, so the total cutting resistance increases, and the tool wear is aggravated. So it is very important to choose the right stainless steel cutting tool. Here is a brief introduction to the selection method and the matters of attention.
The rational selection of tool material is an important condition for ensuring high efficiency cutting and machining of stainless steel. According to the cutting characteristics of stainless steel, the tool material should be characterized by good heat resistance, high wear resistance and small affinity with stainless steel. At present, the common tool materials are high speed steel and hard alloy.
1. Selection of high speed steel
High speed steel is mainly used to make complex cutting tools, such as vertical milling cutter, bit, taps, and broach. The low tool durability of the ordinary high speed steel W18Cr4V is not in line with the needs, and the new high speed steel cutting tool can be used to cut the stainless steel.
With the continuous development of NC cutting tool manufacturing technology, the cutting effect will be better for large batches of workpieces with hard alloy multi blade and complex cutting tools.
2. Choice of hard alloy
YG type cemented carbide has better toughness, larger front corner, sharpening edge and cutting speed, and chip and cutter are not easy to bond, so it is more suitable for processing stainless steel. This advantage of YG alloys is more important, especially in vibratory rough and intermittent cutting. In addition, the thermal conductivity of YG alloy is better, its thermal conductivity is nearly two times higher than that of high speed steel, which is twice as high as that of YT alloy. Therefore, YG alloys are more widely used in stainless steel cutting, especially in the manufacturing of rough cutting tool, cutting cutter, reamer and reamer.
In addition to the selection of materials, we need to pay attention to the angle of cutting tools. When the tool geometric parameters are required to process stainless steel, the geometry of the cutting part of the tool is generally considered as the choice between the front angle and the rear angle. When selecting the front angle, the size of the slots, the positive and negative angles of the edge and the angle of the blade should be considered. No matter what kind of cutting tool, the large front angle must be used when the stainless steel is processed. Increasing the front angle of the cutter can reduce the resistance in the cutting and cleaning process. The selection of the rear corner is not very strict, but it should not be too small. If the corner angle is too small, it will cause serious friction with the workpiece surface, resulting in the deterioration of machined surface roughness and accelerated tool wear. Moreover, due to the strong friction, the effect of work hardening on the stainless steel surface is enhanced, the tool back angle is not too large, the corner angle is too large, the wedge angle of the tool is reduced, the strength of the cutting edge is reduced, and the tool wear is accelerated. Generally, the rear angle should be larger than that of ordinary carbon steel.