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On the machining method of thread cutting
In the actual processing, the type of thread usually has: common single thread, trapezoidal thread, special thread, special thread and so on. Among them, ordinary thread is the most widely used and joins more than coarse teeth, while thin teeth are used for thin-walled parts or parts with variable load, vibration and impact load, and can also be used for mechanism fine adjustment. When the common thread is processed, it is necessary to pay attention to the need to circulate the knife many times when cutting, and each cutting depth should be reduced according to a certain proportion. If every cutting depth is the same, then the force on the cutting edges of both sides of the thread turning tool will increase sharply with the increase of material removal rate, resulting in the decrease of thread accuracy and tool damage. In the competition, the internal and external threads are more common, and the difficulty of processing is small, and the calculation of the bottom of the threaded teeth is the main attention.
The trapezoidal thread is longer, the pitch is bigger, the cutting depth is deeper, the cutting force is greater, and the precision is higher and the processing is difficult. The method of cutting the thread of numerical control lathe generally has the following methods: straight forward method, oblique method, interlaced cutting method and cutting groove rough cutting method.
1) straight forward method. When the lathe is cutting, the motion of the Z direction does not change, and the X is fed to a cutting depth. It is characterized by convenient, fast and efficient, usually used for ordinary screw threads with smaller pitch. But due to the existence of two edged cutting at the same time, and the chip is not smooth, so the turning force, easy to wear, the chip can scratch the surface of the thread.
(2) the slanting method. When the Z is fed to the feed, the X direction is also linked to form a slope line. At this time, the thread cutter always has only one cutting edge to take part in the cutting, the cuttings are more smooth, the force and the heat are smaller than the straight forward method. But when the depth of the thread is deep and the pitch of the screw is large, it is easy to produce the phenomenon of cutting the knife.
(3) interlaced cutting method. The thread cutter is interlaced in parallel to the left and right side of the tooth, until the bottom of the tooth. It is very suitable for large thread thread cutting, but the programming is more complicated.
(4) cutting grooves. First, a groove is cut out with a cutting tool that is less than the width of the cutter head. Then the thread is processed with the thread cutter. The large pitch thread is often used, but the operation and programming are very complicated.